6月30日，农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村部、国家发(fa)展改革委联合(he)印(yin)发(fa)《农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村减(jian)排固(gu)碳(tan)实(shi)施(shi)方(fang)案(an)(an)》（以(yi)下简称《方(fang)案(an)(an)》），为我国农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村减(jian)排固(gu)碳(tan)，提供了系统性实(shi)施(shi)路径。

《方案(an)》提出(chu)，围绕种(zhong)植业(ye)节能(neng)减(jian)(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)、畜牧业(ye)减(jian)(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)降碳、渔业(ye)减(jian)(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)增(zeng)汇、农(nong)田(tian)固碳扩容、农(nong)机节能(neng)减(jian)(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)、可再生能(neng)源替代等六项任(ren)务(wu)，实施稻(dao)田(tian)甲烷(wan)减(jian)(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)、化(hua)肥减(jian)(jian)(jian)量增(zeng)效(xiao)、科技创新支撑、监测体(ti)系(xi)建设等十大行(xing)动(dong)。

《方案》提出(chu)，到(dao)2025年农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)与粮食安全、乡村(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)、农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)现(xian)(xian)代化统筹融合的格局基本形成(cheng)；到(dao)2030年农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)全面绿色转型取(qu)得(de)显著成(cheng)效(xiao)。农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)现(xian)(xian)代化，关键在科技进步和创新(xin)。《农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)实施方案》提出(chu)实施农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)科技创新(xin)支撑(cheng)行动，是解决我国农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)问题的重要举措。

各省、自治区、直(zhi)辖市(shi)农(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)村(cun)（农(nong)(nong)牧）厅（局、委(wei)(wei)）、发展改(gai)革委(wei)(wei)，新疆生产建设兵(bing)团农(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)村(cun)局、发展改(gai)革委(wei)(wei)：

为贯彻落(luo)实碳(tan)达峰(feng)碳(tan)中和(he)重大决策部(bu)署，推进农业农村绿色低碳(tan)发展，我(wo)们(men)制定(ding)了《农业农村减排固碳(tan)实施方案》，现印发你们(men)，请结合实际贯彻落(luo)实。

农业农村部

国家发展改革委

2022年5月7日

 《方案》具体内容如下：

2030 年(nian)前(qian)实现碳排放(fang)达(da)峰(feng)、2060 年(nian)前(qian)实现碳中(zhong)和(he)，农(nong)业农(nong)村减排固(gu)碳既是(shi)重要举措，也(ye)是(shi)潜(qian)力所在。为贯(guan)彻(che)落实党中(zhong)央、国务院决策部署(shu)，做好(hao)农(nong)业农(nong)村减排固(gu)碳工(gong)作(zuo)，根据《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央、国务院关于完(wan)整准(zhun)确全面(mian)贯(guan)彻(che)新发(fa)展理(li)念做好(hao)碳达(da)峰(feng)碳中(zhong)和(he)工(gong)作(zuo)的意见》和(he)《2030 年(nian)前(qian)碳达(da)峰(feng)行动方案(an)(an)》，制(zhi)定(ding)本(ben)实施方案(an)(an)。

 一、重要意(yi)义

 （一(yi)）推进农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减(jian)排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)，是(shi)(shi)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)生态(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)设的(de)重(zhong)要内容(rong)。习近平总书记(ji)在中(zhong)(zhong)央财经(jing)委员(yuan)会(hui)第九次会(hui)议上强调，实现碳(tan)(tan)达峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)场(chang)广泛(fan)而深(shen)刻的(de)经(jing)济(ji)社会(hui)系统(tong)性变(bian)革，要把碳(tan)(tan)达峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)纳入生态(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)设整体布局。农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)具(ju)有“绿(lv)色”属性和(he)多(duo)重(zhong)功能，是(shi)(shi)生态(tai)(tai)产品的(de)重(zhong)要供给者，是(shi)(shi)生态(tai)(tai)系统(tong)的(de)重(zhong)要组成部分。当(dang)前，农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)资(zi)(zi)源(yuan)高度消耗的(de)经(jing)营方式尚未根(gen)本改变(bian)，种养业(ye)(ye)(ye)绿(lv)色生产和(he)低碳(tan)(tan)加(jia)工(gong)技术(shu)相对落(luo)后，一(yi)些地区农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)污染严重(zhong)，生产生活(huo)使用散煤造成的(de)大气污染和(he)碳(tan)(tan)排放问题突(tu)出。加(jia)快推进农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减(jian)排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)，提(ti)高农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)资(zi)(zi)源(yuan)利用效率(lv)，改善农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)生态(tai)(tai)环境(jing)，实现农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)绿(lv)色发展(zhan)，将农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)建(jian)设成为(wei)美丽中(zhong)(zhong)国的(de)“生态(tai)(tai)屏障”，是(shi)(shi)建(jian)设农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)生态(tai)(tai)文明的(de)内在要求(qiu)。

（二(er)）推(tui)(tui)进(jin)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排固碳(tan)，是(shi)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)现(xian)代(dai)(dai)化建(jian)设的(de)(de)重要(yao)方(fang)向。实现(xian)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)现(xian)代(dai)(dai)化是(shi)全面建(jian)设社会主(zhu)义(yi)现(xian)代(dai)(dai)化国(guo)家的(de)(de)重大任务。以(yi)推(tui)(tui)动(dong)高(gao)质(zhi)量(liang)发(fa)(fa)展为主(zhu)题，统筹发(fa)(fa)展和安(an)(an)全，守牢国(guo)家粮食(shi)安(an)(an)全底线(xian)，实现(xian)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)产(chan)生(sheng)活方(fang)式绿色低(di)碳(tan)转(zhuan)型，是(shi)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)现(xian)代(dai)(dai)化建(jian)设的(de)(de)重要(yao)内容。加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)进(jin)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排固碳(tan)，坚(jian)持质(zhi)量(liang)兴农(nong)(nong)、绿色兴农(nong)(nong)，加快(kuai)发(fa)(fa)展生(sheng)态(tai)循环(huan)(huan)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)，构(gou)建(jian)节约(yue)资源、保护(hu)环(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)空间格局，形成农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)发(fa)(fa)展与资源环(huan)(huan)境承载力相匹配(pei)、与生(sheng)产(chan)生(sheng)活条件相协调的(de)(de)总体布局，有(you)利于保障粮食(shi)安(an)(an)全和重要(yao)农(nong)(nong)产(chan)品有(you)效供给(ji)、 推(tui)(tui)动(dong)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)提质(zhi)增效、促(cu)进(jin)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)现(xian)代(dai)(dai)化建(jian)设。

（三）推进(jin)(jin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)减排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)，是推进(jin)(jin)乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)的(de)重要任(ren)务。乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)是实现中华民族伟大(da)复兴(xing)(xing)的(de)一(yi)项重大(da)任(ren)务，生态(tai)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)是乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)的(de)重要内容。实施乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建设行(xing)动(dong)，推动(dong)农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)废弃物资源(yuan)化利(li)(li)用，发(fa)展生物质能等清洁能源(yuan)，促进(jin)(jin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)生产生活节能降耗，改善(shan)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)人居环境，是实现乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)生态(tai)宜居的(de)关键所(suo)在。加快推进(jin)(jin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)减排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)，进(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)推广循环利(li)(li)用、绿色低碳(tan)(tan)的(de)生产生活方式，让(rang)良好生态(tai)成为乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)的(de)支撑点(dian)，让(rang)低碳(tan)(tan)产业(ye)(ye)成为乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)新的(de)经(jing)济增(zeng)长(zhang)点(dian)，有利(li)(li)于(yu)促进(jin)(jin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)高(gao)质高(gao)效、乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)宜居宜业(ye)(ye)、农(nong)(nong)(nong)民富裕富足，助力全面推进(jin)(jin)乡(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)兴(xing)(xing)。

 （四）推(tui)进农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)，是应对(dui)气(qi)(qi)候变化(hua)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)途(tu)径。全球气(qi)(qi)候变化(hua)深刻(ke)影响着(zhe)人类生(sheng)存和发(fa)展(zhan)，是各国(guo)共同面(mian)临(lin)的(de)重(zhong)大挑战(zhan)。应对(dui)气(qi)(qi)候变化(hua)是我国(guo)可持续发(fa)展(zhan)的(de)内在要(yao)求，也是负(fu)责任大国(guo)应尽(jin)的(de)国(guo)际义务(wu)。加快(kuai)推(tui)进农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)，降(jiang)低农(nong)业(ye)农(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)产生(sheng)活温(wen)室气(qi)(qi)体排(pai)放强度(du)，提高农(nong)田土壤固(gu)碳(tan)能(neng)力，发(fa)展(zhan)农(nong)村(cun)可再生(sheng)能(neng)源，有利于提升我国(guo)农(nong)业(ye)生(sheng)产适应气(qi)(qi)候变化(hua)能(neng)力，为全球应对(dui)气(qi)(qi)候变化(hua)作出积极贡献。

二、总体要求

 （一(yi)）总体思路

以(yi)习(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新时代(dai)中(zhong)国(guo)特色(se)社会主义思想为(wei)(wei)指导，深(shen)入(ru)贯(guan)彻党的十九(jiu)大(da)和(he)十九(jiu)届历次(ci)全会精神，按照二氧(yang)化碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放力(li)(li) 争于 2030 年前达(da)到峰(feng)值、努力(li)(li)争取 2060 年前实(shi)(shi)现碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)的总体(ti)要求，落实(shi)(shi)把碳(tan)(tan)(tan)达(da)峰(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)纳入(ru)生(sheng)态文明总体(ti)布局(ju)的决策部署，以(yi)保(bao)障粮食(shi)安全和(he)重(zhong)要农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)产品有(you)效供给为(wei)(wei)前提(ti)，以(yi)全面推进乡村(cun)(cun)振兴、加(jia)快农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)现代(dai)化为(wei)(wei)引领，以(yi)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)绿色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)发展(zhan)为(wei)(wei)关键，以(yi)实(shi)(shi)施减污(wu)降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)汇提(ti)升(sheng)重(zhong)大(da)行动(dong)为(wei)(wei)抓手，全面提(ti)升(sheng)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)综合生(sheng)产能力(li)(li)，降(jiang)(jiang)低温室气(qi)体(ti)排(pai)放强度，提(ti)高农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田土(tu)壤固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)能力(li)(li)，大(da)力(li)(li)发展(zhan)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)可再生(sheng)能源， 建立(li)完善监测评价体(ti)系(xi)，强化科(ke)技创新支(zhi)撑，构建政(zheng)策保(bao)障机(ji)制，加(jia)快形(xing)成(cheng)节约资源和(he)保(bao)护环境的农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)产业(ye)(ye)结构、 生(sheng)产方式、生(sheng)活方式、空间格局(ju)，为(wei)(wei)全国(guo)实(shi)(shi)现碳(tan)(tan)(tan)达(da)峰(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)作出贡献。

（二）基本原则

坚(jian)持(chi)(chi)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)观(guan)念(nian)。加(jia)强农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)与粮食和(he)重(zhong)要农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong) 产品有(you)效(xiao)供给(ji)、农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)污(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)理等重(zhong)点工作的(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)衔接， 统(tong)(tong)一谋划、统(tong)(tong)一部署(shu)、统(tong)(tong)一推进，建(jian)(jian)立统(tong)(tong)筹融合的(de)(de)战略规(gui)划和(he)行动(dong)(dong)体(ti)系(xi)，处(chu)理好(hao)发(fa)展(zhan)和(he)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)、整体(ti)和(he)局部、长远目(mu)标和(he) 短期(qi)目(mu)标、政府和(he)市场的(de)(de)关系(xi)。坚(jian)持(chi)(chi)分类施(shi)策。根据区域资源(yuan)禀赋、产业(ye)(ye)基础、生(sheng)产规(gui) 模、经营方式、生(sheng)态功能(neng)等差异，因地制宜提出(chu)不(bu)同(tong)区域、 不(bu)同(tong)行业(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)解(jie)决方案，明确重(zhong)点任务和(he)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)途(tu)径(jing)(jing)，推动(dong)(dong)形成各具(ju)特色(se)(se)、平衡协(xie)调的(de)(de)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)路线(xian)图。坚(jian)持(chi)(chi)创(chuang)新驱动(dong)(dong)。把(ba)创(chuang)新作为农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)的(de)(de)根本支(zhi)撑(cheng)，加(jia)快构建(jian)(jian)支(zhi)撑(cheng)绿色(se)(se)生(sheng)态种养、废弃物(wu)资源(yuan)化(hua)利用(yong)、可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)开发(fa)、生(sheng)态系(xi)统(tong)(tong)碳(tan)汇提升等技术体(ti)系(xi)，协(xie)同(tong)推进温室气体(ti)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)、耕地质量提升、农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)、生(sheng)态循(xun)环农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)设，提升农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)对气候变(bian)化(hua)韧(ren)性(xing)，提高农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)绿色(se)(se)低碳(tan) 发(fa)展(zhan)水平。坚(jian)持(chi)(chi)政策激(ji)励(li)。注重(zhong)激(ji)励(li)性(xing)措施(shi)与约束性(xing)措施(shi)相结合， 强化(hua)优惠(hui)政策的(de)(de)引导作用(yong)，在(zai)资金、项目(mu)等方面(mian)对农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)给(ji)予有(you)力的(de)(de)激(ji)励(li)约束。建(jian)(jian)立农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳(tan)监测 体(ti)系(xi)，积极探(tan)索碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放交易(yi)有(you)效(xiao)路径(jing)(jing)。

（三）主要目标

“十四五”期间，在增强(qiang)(qiang)适应(ying)气(qi)候变(bian)化(hua)(hua)能(neng)力(li)(li)、保(bao)障(zhang)粮食(shi)安全(quan)基础上，坚持降低排(pai)放强(qiang)(qiang)度为主、控制(zhi)排(pai)放总(zong)量(liang)为辅的(de)方针，着力(li)(li)构(gou)建政(zheng)策(ce)激(ji)励、市场引导和监(jian)管约束的(de)多向引导机(ji) 制(zhi)，探索全(quan)社会协(xie)同推(tui)进农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳的(de)实施路径。到 2025 年，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳与粮食(shi)安全(quan)、乡村(cun)振兴(xing)、农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)现代化(hua)(hua)统筹(chou)融合的(de)格局(ju)基本(ben)形成，粮食(shi)和重要农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)产品(pin)供应(ying)保(bao)障(zhang)更加有力(li)(li)，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)绿(lv)色低碳发(fa)展取得积极成效，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生产结构(gou)和区(qu)域布(bu)局(ju)明显优化(hua)(hua)，种(zhong)植业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、养殖业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)单(dan)位农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)产品(pin)排(pai)放强(qiang)(qiang)度稳中有降，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田土壤固(gu)(gu)碳能(neng)力(li)(li)增强(qiang)(qiang)，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生产生活用能(neng)效率提(ti)升。到 2030 年，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳与粮食(shi)安全(quan)、乡村(cun)振兴(xing)、 农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)现代化(hua)(hua)统筹(chou)推(tui)进的(de)合力(li)(li)充分发(fa)挥，种(zhong)植业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)温(wen)室(shi)气(qi)体、畜牧业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)反刍动物肠道(dao)发(fa)酵、畜禽粪污管理温(wen)室(shi)气(qi)体排(pai)放和农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生产生活用能(neng)排(pai)放强(qiang)(qiang)度进一(yi)步降低，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田土壤固(gu)(gu)碳能(neng) 力(li)(li)显著(zhu)提(ti)升，农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)发(fa)展全(quan)面绿(lv)色转型取得显著(zhu)成效。

 三、重点任务

（一）种植业节能(neng)减排(pai)。在强化粮食安全保障能(neng)力(li)的基础(chu)上，优化稻田水分灌溉(gai)管理(li)，降低稻田甲烷(wan)排(pai)放。推广优良品种和绿色(se)高效(xiao)(xiao)栽培技术(shu)，提高氮肥利用效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，降低氧化亚氮排(pai)放。

（二）畜牧业(ye)减排降(jiang)碳。推(tui)广(guang)精准饲喂技术，推(tui)进品种改良(liang)，提高畜禽单(dan)产水平和饲料报(bao)酬(chou)，降(jiang)低反刍动物肠道甲烷(wan)排放强度(du)。提升畜禽养殖(zhi)粪污(wu)资源化利用水平，减少(shao)畜禽粪污(wu)管理(li)的(de)甲烷(wan)和氧化亚(ya)氮排放。

（三）渔(yu)(yu)业减排(pai)增汇(hui)。发展稻渔(yu)(yu)综(zong)合(he)种养、大(da)水面生态渔(yu)(yu)业、多营养层次(ci)综(zong)合(he)养殖等生态健康养殖模式，减少甲(jia)烷排(pai)放。有序发展滩涂和浅(qian)海(hai)贝藻类增养殖，建设国家级海(hai)洋牧(mu)场，构建立体(ti)生态养殖系统，增加渔(yu)(yu)业碳汇(hui)潜力。推(tui)进(jin)渔(yu)(yu) 船渔(yu)(yu)机(ji)节(jie)能(neng)减排(pai)。

（四）农(nong)(nong)田(tian)固碳扩容。落实保护(hu)性耕(geng)作、秸(jie)秆还田(tian)、有机(ji)肥施用、绿肥种(zhong)植等措施，加(jia)强高标准农(nong)(nong)田(tian)建设，加(jia)快(kuai)退化耕(geng)地治(zhi)理，加(jia)大黑土(tu)地等保护(hu)力度，提升农(nong)(nong)田(tian)土(tu)壤(rang)的有机(ji)质(zhi)含量。发挥果园茶园碳汇功能(neng)。

（五）农(nong)机节能(neng)减排。加快老旧农(nong)机报(bao)废更新(xin)力度，推广先进适用(yong)的低碳(tan)节能(neng)农(nong)机装(zhuang)备，降低化(hua)(hua)(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)消耗和二氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)排放。推广新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)技术，优(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)农(nong)机装(zhuang)备结构，加快绿色、智能(neng)、复式、高效(xiao)农(nong)机化(hua)(hua)(hua)技术装(zhuang)备普(pu)及应用(yong)。

（六）可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)替(ti)代。因地(di)制(zhi)宜推广(guang)应用生(sheng)物(wu)质能(neng)(neng)(neng)、太阳能(neng)(neng)(neng)、风能(neng)(neng)(neng)、地(di)热能(neng)(neng)(neng)等绿色(se)用能(neng)(neng)(neng)模式，增加农村(cun)地(di)区清洁能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)供应。推动农村(cun)取(qu)暖炊事(shi)、农业生(sheng)产加工(gong)等用能(neng)(neng)(neng)侧可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)替(ti)代，强化能(neng)(neng)(neng)效提(ti)升。

四、重大行动

（一）稻(dao)(dao)田甲(jia)烷(wan)(wan)减(jian)排行动。以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)主(zhu)产区为(wei)重点，强化稻(dao)(dao)田水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)管(guan)理，因地制(zhi)宜推(tui)广稻(dao)(dao)田节水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉技(ji)术(shu)，提高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)资源利用效率，减(jian)少甲(jia)烷(wan)(wan)生成。改进稻(dao)(dao)田施肥管(guan)理，推(tui)广有(you)机肥腐熟还田等(deng)技(ji)术(shu)，选育推(tui)广高(gao)产、优质、低碳水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)品种， 降低水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)单产甲(jia)烷(wan)(wan)排放强度(du)。

（二）化肥(fei)(fei)减(jian)量(liang)增效行(xing)动。以粮食主产区、果菜(cai)茶优(you)势产区、农(nong)业绿(lv)色发展先行(xing)区等为重点，推进(jin)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)减(jian)量(liang)增效。研发推广(guang)作物(wu)吸收、利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)高的新型(xing)肥(fei)(fei)料产品，推广(guang)水肥(fei)(fei)一体化等高效施肥(fei)(fei)技术，提高肥(fei)(fei)料利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)。推进(jin)有机(ji)肥(fei)(fei)与化肥(fei)(fei)结合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，增加有机(ji)肥(fei)(fei)投(tou)入(ru)，替代部分化肥(fei)(fei)。

（三(san)）畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)低(di)(di)碳(tan)减(jian)排行动。推动畜(chu)(chu)牧业绿色低(di)(di)碳(tan)发展，以畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)规模养殖场为(wei)重点，推广低(di)(di)蛋白日粮、全株青(qing)贮等技术和高(gao)产低(di)(di)排放(fang)(fang)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)品(pin)种，改进畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)饲养管(guan)理(li)，实(shi)施(shi)精(jing)准饲喂，降低(di)(di)单位畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)产品(pin)肠道甲(jia)烷排放(fang)(fang)强度。改进畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)粪(fen)污处理(li)设施(shi)装备(bei)，推广粪(fen)污密(mi)闭处理(li)、气体(ti)收集利(li)用(yong)或处理(li)等技术，建立粪(fen)污资源化(hua)(hua)利(li)用(yong)台(tai)账(zhang)，探索实(shi)施(shi)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)粪(fen)污养分平衡管(guan)理(li)，提(ti)高(gao)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)粪(fen)污处理(li)水平，降低(di)(di)畜(chu)(chu)禽(qin)(qin)(qin)粪(fen)污管(guan)理(li)的甲(jia)烷和氧化(hua)(hua)亚氮排放(fang)(fang)。

（四）渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)减(jian)排增汇行动。以重要(yao)渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)产区为重点，推进渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)设施和渔(yu)(yu)船(chuan)装(zhuang)备(bei)节能(neng)改造，大力发展(zhan)水产低碳养(yang)殖，推广(guang)节能(neng)养(yang)殖机械(xie)。淘汰老旧木(mu)质(zhi)渔(yu)(yu)船(chuan)，鼓励建造玻璃钢(gang)等新(xin)材料渔(yu)(yu)船(chuan)，推动渔(yu)(yu)船(chuan)节能(neng)装(zhuang)备(bei)配置和升级(ji)换(huan)代。发展(zhan)稻(dao)渔(yu)(yu)综合种养(yang)、鱼菜(cai)共(gong)生(sheng)、大水面增殖等生(sheng)态(tai)健康养(yang)殖模式。推进池塘标(biao)准化改造和尾水治理(li)，发展(zhan)工厂化、集装(zhuang)箱(xiang)等循环水养(yang)殖。在(zai)近海及滩涂等主要(yao)渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)水域，开(kai)展(zhan)多(duo)营(ying)养(yang)层级(ji)立体生(sheng)态(tai)养(yang)殖，提(ti)升贝类藻类固碳能(neng)力，增加渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)碳汇。在(zai)沿海地区继续开(kai)展(zhan)国家级(ji)海洋牧(mu)场示范区建设，实(shi)现渔(yu)(yu)业(ye)(ye)生(sheng)物(wu) 固碳。

（五）农(nong)机(ji)(ji)绿色节(jie)(jie)能行动。以粮食和(he)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)农(nong)产品(pin)生产所需农(nong)机(ji)(ji)为(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)点，推(tui)进节(jie)(jie)能减排(pai)。实施更(geng)为(wei)严(yan)格的农(nong)机(ji)(ji)排(pai)放标准，减少废(fei)气排(pai)放。因地制宜发展复式、高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)农(nong)机(ji)(ji)装(zhuang)备(bei)和(he)电动农(nong)机(ji)(ji)装(zhuang)备(bei)，培育壮大(da)新型农(nong)机(ji)(ji)服(fu)务组织(zhi)，提供(gong)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)便捷的农(nong)机(ji)(ji)作(zuo)业服(fu)务，减少种(zhong)(zhong)子、化肥(fei)(fei)、农(nong)药、水(shui)资(zi)源(yuan)用量，提升作(zuo)业效(xiao)率，降低(di)能源(yuan)消(xiao)耗(hao)。加快(kuai)侧深施肥(fei)(fei)、精准施药、节(jie)(jie)水(shui)灌(guan)溉、高(gao)(gao)性(xing)能免耕(geng)播种(zhong)(zhong)等机(ji)(ji)械装(zhuang)备(bei)推(tui)广应(ying)用，大(da)力示范推(tui)广节(jie)(jie)种(zhong)(zhong)节(jie)(jie)水(shui)节(jie)(jie)能节(jie)(jie)肥(fei)(fei)节(jie)(jie)药的农(nong)机(ji)(ji)化技术(shu)。实施农(nong)机(ji)(ji)报废(fei)更(geng)新补贴政(zheng)策，加大(da)能耗(hao)高(gao)(gao)、排(pai)放高(gao)(gao)、损失大(da)、安全(quan)性(xing)能低(di)的老旧农(nong)机(ji)(ji)淘(tao)汰(tai)力度。

（六）农(nong)田(tian)碳(tan)(tan)汇(hui)提(ti)升行(xing)动(dong)。以耕地土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)机(ji)(ji)质(zhi)提(ti)升为重(zhong)(zhong)点，增强农(nong)田(tian)土(tu)(tu)壤固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)能力。实施(shi)(shi)国家黑土(tu)(tu)地保(bao)护工程，推(tui)广(guang)有(you)机(ji)(ji)肥施(shi)(shi)用、秸(jie)秆(gan)科学(xue)还田(tian)、绿肥种(zhong)植(zhi)、粮豆轮作、有(you)机(ji)(ji)无机(ji)(ji)肥配施(shi)(shi)等技术(shu)，构建用地养地结合的培肥固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)模式，提(ti)升土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)机(ji)(ji)质(zhi)含量(liang)。实施(shi)(shi)保(bao)护性耕作，因(yin)地制宜推(tui)广(guang)秸(jie)秆(gan)覆盖还田(tian)免少耕播种(zhong)技术(shu)，有(you)效减轻土(tu)(tu)壤风蚀水蚀，增加土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)机(ji)(ji)质(zhi)。推(tui)进退化(hua)耕地治理，重(zhong)(zhong)点加强土(tu)(tu)壤酸(suan)化(hua)、盐碱化(hua)治理，消除土(tu)(tu)壤障碍因(yin)素，提(ti)高土(tu)(tu)壤肥力，提(ti)升固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)潜力。加强高标准农(nong)田(tian)建设，加快(kuai)补齐农(nong)业基础设施(shi)(shi)短板，提(ti)高水土(tu)(tu)资源利(li)用效率。

（七）秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)综(zong)合(he)利(li)用行(xing)动(dong)。坚持(chi)农用优先、就地就近，以秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)集(ji)约(yue)化(hua)、产(chan)业化(hua)、高值化(hua)为重点(dian)，推(tui)进秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)综(zong)合(he)利(li)用。持(chi)续推(tui)进秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)肥料(liao)化(hua)、饲(si)料(liao)化(hua)和(he)基料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用，发挥好秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)耕地保育和(he)种养结合(he)功(gong)能。推(tui)进秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)能源化(hua)利(li)用，因地制(zhi)宜发 展秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)生物(wu)质能供气供热供电。拓宽秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)原料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用途径，支(zhi)持(chi)秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)浆替(ti)代木浆造纸，推(tui)动(dong)秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)资(zi)源转化(hua)为环保板材、炭基产(chan)品等。健全秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)收储运体系，完(wan)善秸(jie)(jie)秆(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)资(zi)源台账。

（八）可再生(sheng)能源(yuan)替(ti)代行动。以清洁(jie)低(di)碳转(zhuan)型为重点，大力(li)推(tui)(tui)进农(nong)村(cun)可再生(sheng)能源(yuan)开发利用。因地制宜发展农(nong)村(cun)沼(zhao)气(qi)(qi)，鼓励有条件(jian)地区(qu)建设(she)规模化沼(zhao)气(qi)(qi)/生(sheng)物(wu)天然(ran)气(qi)(qi)工程，推(tui)(tui)进沼(zhao)气(qi)(qi)集中供(gong)气(qi)(qi)供(gong)热(re)、发电上网(wang)，及生(sheng)物(wu)天然(ran)气(qi)(qi)车(che)用或(huo)并入燃(ran)(ran)(ran)气(qi)(qi)管网(wang)等(deng)应(ying)用，替(ti)代化石能源(yuan)。推(tui)(tui)广(guang)生(sheng)物(wu)质成(cheng)型燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)、打捆直燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、热(re)解炭气(qi)(qi)联产等(deng)技术(shu)，配套(tao)清洁(jie)炉(lu)具和生(sheng)物(wu)质锅(guo)炉(lu)，助(zhu)力(li)农(nong)村(cun)地区(qu)清洁(jie)取暖。推(tui)(tui)广(guang)太(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能热(re)水器、太(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能灯、太(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)房(fang)，利用农(nong)业设(she)施棚顶、鱼塘(tang)等(deng)发展光伏农(nong)业。

（九）科(ke)技(ji)创新支撑行动。系统梳理农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)重(zhong)大(da)科(ke)技(ji)需求，加(jia)大(da)国家(jia)(jia)(jia)科(ke)技(ji)计划支持力度。依托(tuo)现(xian)代农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)产(chan)业(ye)技(ji)术(shu)(shu)体系、国家(jia)(jia)(jia)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)科(ke)技(ji)创新联盟(meng)等，组织开展农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)联合(he)(he)攻(gong)关，形成一批综合(he)(he)性技(ji)术(shu)(shu)解(jie)决方案，补(bu)齐农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)绿色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)的科(ke)技(ji)短板。发布(bu)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)技(ji)术(shu)(shu)目录。组建(jian)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)专家(jia)(jia)(jia)指导(dao)(dao)委员(yuan)会，加(jia)强(qiang)技(ji)术(shu)(shu)指导(dao)(dao)、技(ji)术(shu)(shu)培训和(he)技(ji)术(shu)(shu)服务。健全农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)减排固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)标(biao)准体系，制修订一批国家(jia)(jia)(jia)标(biao)准、行业(ye)标(biao)准和(he)地方标(biao)准。

（十）监(jian)(jian)测(ce)体(ti)系(xi)建(jian)设(she)行动。完善农(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)(pai)固碳的监(jian)(jian)测(ce)指标(biao)、关键参数、核算方法。统(tong)筹中央和地(di)方各级力(li)量，优化(hua)不(bu)同(tong)区(qu)域(yu)稻田(tian)、农(nong)(nong)用(yong)地(di)、养殖场(chang)等(deng)监(jian)(jian)测(ce)点位设(she)置，推动构建(jian)科学布局、分(fen)级负责(ze)的监(jian)(jian)测(ce)评价(jia)体(ti)系(xi)，开展(zhan)甲烷、氧(yang)化(hua)亚氮排(pai)(pai)放和农(nong)(nong)田(tian)、渔业(ye)固碳等(deng)定位监(jian)(jian)测(ce)。做(zuo)好农(nong)(nong)村(cun)可再生(sheng)能 源等(deng)监(jian)(jian)测(ce)调查，开展(zhan)常态化(hua)的统(tong)计分(fen)析。创(chuang)新监(jian)(jian)测(ce)方式和手段，加快智能化(hua)、信息化(hua)技术在农(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)(pai)固碳监(jian)(jian)测(ce)领域(yu)的推广(guang)应(ying)用(yong)。

五、保障措施

（一）加强组织领导(dao)。农(nong)(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部(bu)、国家发展(zhan)改革委加强统筹(chou)协调，审议农(nong)(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳的总体部(bu)署、重要规(gui)划， 统筹(chou)研究重大政(zheng)策(ce)和重要工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)安(an)排(pai)(pai)，协调解决(jue)重点难点问题，指导(dao)督促扎实开展(zhan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。农(nong)(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部(bu)具体负责(ze)组织实施农(nong)(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，开展(zhan)跟踪评价，加强督促指导(dao)。各地农(nong)(nong)(nong) 业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)、发展(zhan)改革部(bu)门加强政(zheng)策(ce)衔接和工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)对接，结合(he)地方实际情况，编(bian)制(zhi)区(qu)域农(nong)(nong)(nong)业农(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)减排(pai)(pai)固(gu)碳实施方案，确保(bao)上下政(zheng)策(ce)取向一致、步伐(fa)力度(du)一致。

（二）加强(qiang)政(zheng)(zheng)策创(chuang)设。强(qiang)化(hua)现有农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村减排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)支持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策的(de)落实落地。研究完善重(zhong)点任务支持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策，推进(jin)重(zhong)大问题研究和政(zheng)(zheng)策法规制定(ding)，强(qiang)化(hua)正向激励和负面约束等措施创(chuang)设完善有利于推进(jin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村减排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)的(de)扶持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策。研究建立(li)核算认证体系，探索农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)交易有效路径。有序开(kai)展典型技术模(mo)式(shi)应用试点，打造(zao)一批农(nong)(nong)(nong)业(ye)农(nong)(nong)(nong)村低碳(tan)(tan)零碳(tan)(tan)先(xian)导区。

（三）加强产(chan)业(ye)(ye)培育。大(da)力发(fa)展以绿色低碳(tan)(tan)、生态循环为增长(zhang)点(dian)的(de)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)新产(chan)业(ye)(ye)新业(ye)(ye)态，推(tui)动(dong)大(da)数据、人工(gong)智能(neng)等新技术与产(chan)业(ye)(ye)发(fa)展深度融合，带动(dong)农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)转型升级(ji)。探索(suo)低碳(tan)(tan)农(nong)(nong)产(chan)品(pin)、节能(neng)农(nong)(nong)产(chan)品(pin)的(de)认证和管理，引导农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)企业(ye)(ye)、经营主体(ti)强化减排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)技术应用。打造一批农(nong)(nong)业(ye)(ye)绿色低碳(tan)(tan)产(chan)品(pin)品(pin)牌， 建立(li)健全(quan)农(nong)(nong)产(chan)品(pin)碳(tan)(tan)足迹追(zhui)溯体(ti)系，拓展供给方式和供给渠道，不断(duan)壮大(da)新型产(chan)业(ye)(ye)增长(zhang)动(dong)能(neng)。

（四）加(jia)强(qiang)(qiang)宣(xuan)传(chuan)(chuan)引导。充分利(li)用各类传(chuan)(chuan)统(tong)媒体和新(xin)媒体，拓宽宣(xuan)传(chuan)(chuan)渠道(dao)，加(jia)强(qiang)(qiang)对(dui)农(nong)业农(nong)村减排(pai)固碳良好(hao)做法和典(dian)型(xing)模式的(de)宣(xuan)传(chuan)(chuan)报道(dao)，形成多方合力(li)推进的(de)浓厚氛(fen)围。加(jia)强(qiang)(qiang)农(nong)业农(nong)村减排(pai)固碳科普工作力(li)度，创作一批公(gong)众喜(xi)闻(wen)乐见的(de)科普作品。定期举办专题(ti)培训和观摩(mo)交流(liu)等活动(dong)，选树一批有代表(biao)性的(de)区域(yu)和实施主体，打造典(dian)型(xing)样板。